Healthy Kids Health Center

1p36 deletion syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes severe intellectual disability. Characteristics of 1p36 deletion syndrome include temper tantrums, biting, and other behavioral problems. Physical conditions include seizures, hypotonia, swallowing problems, and microbrachycephaly.

When is it time to wean your baby from the breast or bottle to solid foods? Learn how and when to wean your child from breastmilk to formula, and from formula to solid food.

Becoming a stepparent comes with its challenges. Things a stepparent should never do include trying too hard to please, imposing your own rules without an agreement, setting expectations too high and other things.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) causes the following symptoms in children: excessive activity, problems concentrating, and difficulty controlling impulses. Stimulant medications are the most common medication used to treat ADHD.

Alcohol is the most frequently used drug by American teenagers. Teens that drink are more likely to drive under the influence, have unprotected sex, and use other drugs, like marijuana, cocaine, and heroin. Symptoms of alcohol abuse in teens include lying, breaking curfew, becoming verbally or physically abusive toward others, making excuses, smelling like alcohol, having mood swings, and stealing.

Late talkers are toddlers (18 to 30 months old) who have a limited vocabulary for their age, but do not have any other developmental delays. Some late talkers may talk by three to five years of age.

Research shows that children recognize their own gender and gender in others starting as early as two or three years old.

Parents have a responsibility for their children until a certain age. Find out what age this is and what is expected of you.

What to know about sharing a bed with an infant. Learn about the benefits, risks, and the best age to co-sleep with your baby.

A branchial cyst is a congenital remnant from embryologic development that appears on the side of the neck. The cyst may develop a sinus or drainage pathway to the surface of the skin. Sometimes, a branchial cyst can become infected. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice.

Bullying is repeated physical or verbal aggression that involves an imbalance of power. Types of bullying include physical, verbal, relational, reactive, and assaults on a person's property.

The development of breast buds is one of the first signs of puberty in a girl. The beginning of adult breast development is called thelarche. As the breasts start to develop, a girl will have small, firm lumps under the nipples called breast buds, which may sometimes be tender.

Because the auditory process matures fully by 13 years, it is possible that your child may grow out of it once they reach that age. Listening skills usually develop as the auditory system matures. It usually takes around 12-15 years of age to have complete auditory processing maturity. However, development in these children is slower than that in others to meet developmental milestones.

Parents who are stressed, anxious, harsh, fight, sarcastic, hostile or aversive may transmit or cause anxiety in their children.

According to the CDC, it's not common for newborns to be diagnosed with COVID-19. But there have been a few cases of newborns testing positive for the virus.

The fetus at 10 weeks of pregnancy is about the size of an apricot, which is around 30 mm in length. You will be able to see their jerky movements on an ultrasonography machine but would not be able to feel them.

Cystic fibrosis is classically a disease of childhood that progresses into adulthood. If you have a genetic defect related to cystic fibrosis (CF), you are more likely to be born with cystic fibrosis. The symptoms might appear later, and hence, the age at diagnosis varies widely.

Tylenol is a well-known brand of acetaminophen and it is safe and effective for fever and pain.A void combined products like Tylenol Cold and Flu while you are breastfeeding.

Central precocious puberty is characterized by the unusual early onset of puberty -- in girls, prior to 8 years of age, and boys, prior to 9 years of age. The appearance of secondary sex changes -- enlargement of penis and testicles and development of breast tissue and facial, pubic, and axillary hair -- in central precocious puberty precedes that of routine onset of puberty by two and a half years. Treatment of central precocious puberty depends upon the cause.

<p>Approximately 40 million children suffer abuse every year around the world, and more than 1,500 children die of abuse in the U.S. every year. Symptoms and signs of child abuse include poor school performance, physical injuries, regression, anxiety, and panic. Treatment involves ensuring the safety of the child and tending to any physical injuries.</p>

Fast-food consumption and lack of exercise are just a couple of causes of childhood obesity. Health effects of childhood obesity include type 2 diabetes, heart attack, stroke, high cholesterol, asthma, sleep apnea, gallstones, fatty liver disease, GERD, depression, and eating disorders.

Children's health is focused on the well-being of children from conception through adolescence. There are many aspects of children's health, including growth and development, illnesses, injuries, behavior, mental illness, family health, and community health.

The choices differ, and it all depends on what best suits the parents, their lifestyle and budget. For most new parents, it comes down to the choices between cost, environmental impact and convenience.

Cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia or cold agglutinin hemolytic disease, is a rare disorder of the autoimmune system. There are two types of cold agglutinin disease, primary and secondary. Characteristics, symptoms, and signs of cold agglutinin disease are premature destruction of red blood cells in the body’s natural defense antibodies. </p><p>The lifespan of red blood cells is approximately 120 before the spleen destroys the antibodies. In cold agglutinin disease, the severity of the condition is determined by how long it takes for the red blood cells to survive, and at the rate that the bone marrow continues to produce more red cells. Immune hemolytic anemias are classified by the optimal temperature when the antibodies try to destroy red blood cells. Cold agglutinin anemia occurs at temperatures between 10 C (50 F) and 37 C (F 98.6) or above while the body warms antibody hemolytic anemia. Usually, cold agglutinin anemia becomes apparent between the ages of 50 to 60. <br /><br />Other symptoms of the disease include fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fingers and/or toes cold and sweat, an uneven bluish or reddish discoloration of the toes, ankles, and wrists (Raynaud's syndrome), and fingers. Usually, cold agglutinin anemia affects older people. The disease is diagnosed by a physical exam and the Coomb's test. If the red blood cell destruction seems to be slowing on its own, treatment therapies, are usually, isn’t needed. Other treatments for cold agglutinin anemia are corticosteroids, and splenectomy (removal of the spleen). There is no cure for cold agglutinin disease.

Colic is crying or fussing that begins suddenly, lasting for a total of three hours a day and happening more than three days a week for about three weeks. Symptoms include the baby's face turning red, the belly is distended, the feet may be cold, the hands clenched, and the legs may alternate between being flexed or extended. Treatment may involve ruling out other causes of the fussing and the doctor prescribing anti-gas bubbly medicine.

Croup is a contagious viral infection that affects children's respiratory systems. Symptoms include a barking cough, stridor, fever, and difficulty breathing. Treatment may incorporate the use of a humidifier, saline nasal spray, and pain relievers such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen.

The cystic hygroma is a lymphatic lesion composed of a cluster of cysts that can appear in almost any area of the body, although it usually affects the head and neck. The majority are seen at birth and most present by 2 years of age.

Pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) are a set of behavioral disorders that are present since early childhood. Although there is an overlap in the features of autism and PDDs, PDDs typically do not meet “all” the criteria for classical autism or Asperger’s syndrome. Both PDDs and autism cause a “socially awkward child.”

Teenagers recognize that they are developmentally between child and adult. Teen health prevention includes maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, preventing injuries and screening annually for potential health conditions that could adversely affect teenage health.

A baby is born with buds in the gums from which teeth erupt. All 20 primary teeth will grow from the teeth buds below the gumline. Their teeth usually start erupting between 6-12 months of age. Most children will have their full set of 20 baby teeth (primary teeth or milk teeth) in place by 3 years.

Studies and research indicate that exposure to media violence is a strong predictor of aggressive behavior. Research indicates that people learn their attitudes about violence at a very early age and exposure to violence desensitizes people to violence.

Get the facts on Down syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by an additional set of chromosomes in a developing fetus. Down syndrome signs and symptoms include distinctive facial features, growth retardation, and decreased mental function and IQ. Blood tests and ultrasound may be used to screen for Down syndrome but chromosome analysis of the fetus is needed to diagnose the condition. People with Down syndrome age more quickly and may develop Alzheimer's disease as young as age 40. Sometimes people are diagnosed with mosaic Down syndrome, in which case they have more than one type of chromosomal makeup.

Dyslexia is a learning disability that can cause difficulty reading and delayed early language development. Learn about how dyslexia is diagnosed and treated.

Encopresis is a type of elimination disorder in which bowel movements are passed into places other than the toilet. Children with encopresis may have symptoms that include abdominal pain, watery stools, scratching the anal area, or loss of appetite. Causes of encopresis may include a low-fiber diet, lack of exercise, fear of using unfamiliar bathrooms, or changes in bathroom routines. Treatment focuses on encouraging good bowel habits and preventing constipation.

Febrile seizures, or convulsions caused by fever, can be frightening in small children or infants. However, in general, febrile seizures are harmless. Febrile seizure is not epilepsy. It is estimated that one in every 25 children will have at least one febrile seizure. It is important to know what to do to help your child if he/she has a febrile seizure. Some of the features of a febrile seizure include losing consciousness, shaking, moving limbs on both sides of the body, and lasts 1-2 minutes. Less commonly, a febrile seizure may only affect one side of the body.

Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) is caused by a virus known as parvovirus B 19. Symptoms include low-grade fever, fatigue, a "rash," and a rash over the whole body. The name <i>fifth disease</i> reflects the historical belief that it was one of the five diseases that produced a rash in children.

Friedreich's ataxia syndrome is a rare inherited (genetic) disease that causes progressive nervous system damage and movement problems. Friedreich's ataxia syndrome usually begins in childhood and leads to impaired muscle coordination (ataxia) that worsens over time. Symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia syndrome include poor balance, slurred and jerky speech, and difficulty with coordination. Genetic testing and other procedures are used to confirm the diagnosis of Friedreich's ataxia syndrome. There is no effective treatment or cure for Friedreich's ataxia syndrome, however; the symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia syndrome can be treated.

Gaucher disease is caused by an inherited (genetic) defect in the enzyme glucocerebroside. Signs and symptoms for Gaucher disease include anemia (low blood cell count), easy bruising, easy bleeding, bone pain, fatigue, low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), and enlarged liver and spleen. There are different types of Gaucher disease. Treatment for Gaucher disease depends on the type and symptoms of the disease.

Giant Platelet Syndrome (Bernard-Soulier Disease) is a rare inherited bleeding disorder caused by a defect in the platelet glycoprotein complex 1b-IX-V. Symptoms and signs include bruising, nosebleeds, gum bleeding, and problems with anything that induces bleeding, such as surgery, ulcers, trauma, and menstruation. Treatment involves avoiding medications that interfere with clot formation, such as naproxen, ibuprofen, and aspirin. People with Bernard-Soulier syndrome should avoid contact sports.

Learn the 10 best home remedies for relieving infant constipation, which include providing hydration, adding high-fiber foods to your baby’s diet, and giving warm baths.

Many newborns, particularly between the ages of 1-4 months, suffer from gas. The taking in of air while feeding, allergies to food given, and/or improper burping practices may all cause the baby to be gassy and irritable.

Dry coughing at night can disrupt your sleep and make you drowsy the next day. Learn about why dry coughing at night occurs and how you can stop or ease symptoms.

A baby may get rashes due to numerous causes. Try to pin down the cause of rashes in the case of your baby. Is it a diaper rash? Is it a reaction to the baby oil? Is it eczema due to dry skin? Is it a viral infection?

What is thrush in babies and is it dangerous? Find out how to recognize when your baby has thrush and how thrush is treated.

Down syndrome affects many families every year. How Down syndrome may display in each child can depend on individual factors, including what type of Down syndrome the child has. Learn the signs of Down syndrome, what causes it, and available treatments if you believe your child may have it.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a hereditary (running in families) disorder that progressively destroys the motor nerve cells (neurons) leading to muscle weakness and wasting (atrophy).

Autism is a developmental disorder that encompasses a variety of symptoms like communication difficulties, behavioral challenges, and social interaction problems. Families cope with autism by managing stress, maintaining energy levels, sticking to a schedule, nurturing other relationships and managing financial stress.

Your 16-year-old daughter is becoming more independent. Deal with your 16-year-old daughter by giving her more independence, connecting with her, being emotionally available and using other supportive strategies.

A 16-year-old boy feels that he is a grown-up, yet he behaves like a kid. Deal with your 16-year-old son by allowing him to explore his interests, giving him space, praising him when he takes responsibility and using other strategies.

Your 17-year-old daughter is on the cusp of adulthood. Deal with your 17-year-old daughter by creating a relationship with her, giving her space, set healthy boundaries, encourage her to express her individuality and using many other strategies.

All babies are born with the Moro reflex, but for some, it can be too strong or continue for too long. Learn the signs of the Moro reflex, what causes it, and what you can do if it becomes a problem.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is common in babies, but symptoms often resemble a cold. Learn how to recognize signs of RSV in your baby.

What is thrush, and how do you recognize it in your baby? Learn the signs of thrush, what causes it, and what to do for treatment.

The development of your child begins right after birth. What are the signs that your child is developing normally? Learn how to spot when something is wrong.

Digestive problems are common in babies, especially when they are newborns. Learn about signs your baby may have a digestive problem.

Here are 15 warning signs that may indicate something is wrong with your baby and that they need medical attention.

Parenting a young child with autism can feel stressful. Parent your 3-year-old with autism by understanding autism, using positive reinforcement, and getting support.

When your child bites at daycare, it may cause you lots of worry and embarrassment. Stop your child from biting in daycare by telling them it's not okay, encouraging them to express themselves with their words, giving them enough attention and time, making sure your child is not being picked on and using other strategies.

When a second baby comes along with the first only a year old, parenting becomes an endurance test. Cope with a newborn and a 1-year-old by getting help, involving siblings, taking care of yourself, and using other strategies.

Teenage manipulation is a form of bullying. The six ways your teen may manipulate you include asking for forbidden things, using emotional blackmail, being angry, retaliating, guilt tripping and strategic lying.

Nose and chest congestion are a common occurrence in babies. You can decongest your baby with rest, positioning, hydration, a warm bath, and other home remedies. Most cases of nasal congestion are harmless, but in a few cases where the chest is congested and the baby is not taking feeds, is dull, or has a high fever, it is prudent to seek medical consultation.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic condition that results in weakness and wasting of muscles in infants. For diagnosing spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), certain tests are carried out to check if your child has this condition.

It's an essential parenting skill: confidently and securely carrying your newborn baby. You must support your baby's head at all times and ensure their limbs are tucked in safely away from furniture and other objects.

Baby ear infection symptoms can include signs of irritability, tugging on the ears, an unpleasant smell and discharge coming from the ears, and more. Learn all the signs here.

Children are unbelievably intuitive and smart. As they get older, you know if your child is manipulating you if they say hurtful things, are disrespectful, ignore you, refuse to talk to you and do other manipulative things.

Even as an experienced parent, you may not know what to expect when you bring home newborn twins. Although the journey is challenging, you will learn tactics to help you overcome any difficulties you face.

What are anemia symptoms in children and how do you treat it?

Being a parent to a child with special needs is associated with various challenges. Having an autistic child may stress the parents so seeking the help of family and friends and a licensed therapist is important as is taking breaks.

What is scoliosis? Learn the causes and symptoms of scoliosis, how it affects the spine, and how it is treated.

A single parent brings up a child without the assistance of a partner. The effect of single parenting on a child may be good or bad.

A newborn baby usually passes urine for the first time within 12-24 hours after birth. Not peeing in the first 24 hours points to some urinary tract problem. Here are signs to look for and when to call a doctor.

Niemann–Pick disease (NP) is a fatal condition with a life expectancy of around 18 months in most infants. Check out the center below for more medical references on childhood diseases, including multimedia (slideshows, images, and quizzes), related disease conditions, treatment and diagnosis, medications, and prevention or wellness.

Crying nonstop for too long likely means there's something wrong. If no amount of soothing seems to work and crying continues for 3 hours, then your doctor may help.

Heat rash is a common issue that affects many babies. Learn the signs of heat rash, what causes it, how long it lasts, how doctors diagnose it, and what you can do to treat it.

Diarrhea in babies typically lasts for 3-7 days, depending on the cause. If your baby’s diarrhea lasts longer, it may indicate a more serious problem.

The cord will normally fall off 1-3 weeks after birth. The average cord falls off between 10 and 14 days with 21 days being the higher side of normal.

Growth plates are the areas of new bone growth in children and teens. Bone fractures in children heal quickly as compared to adults, but fractures of the growth plate may require several weeks to heal.

Sleep needs vary from child to child, and not everyone needs the same amount of sleep. Sleep guidelines by age can help ensure your child gets the proper amount of sleep to avoid health problems related to not sleeping enough or sleeping too much.

Some cases of ASD resolve during childhood. However, severe cases of ASD can be life-threatening and require surgery to prevent serious complications.

How To Deal With Preteen (Tween) Attitude? Learn about tips that may help you deal with your tween's attitude.

Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis II, MPS II) is an inherited or genetic disease. Signs and symptoms of Hunter syndrome include diarrhea, voice changes, facial changes, and a distended abdomen. Treatment for Hunter syndrome is geared toward symptoms of the disease with idursulfase or Elaprase (enzyme replacement therapy).

Hydrocele is a collection of clear fluid in a thin-walled sack that also contains the testicle. Hydroceles are more common in males than females. There are two types of hydroceles: 1) communicating and 2) non-communicating. Hydroceles present at birth may resolve on their own. Hydroceles that appear in the teen or adult years may require surgery.

Though human milk is the preferred feeding for infants, parents may consider formula feeding if there is an inadequate supply of breast milk, the baby sucks inefficiently, the parents want to monitor how much the baby is receiving, or the mother is taking medications that are unsafe for the baby and may be passed through the breast milk.

Bed-wetting is considered a problem if the child is aged older than 7 years and continues to wet the bed twice or more times a week for three months in a row. Researchers believe that most cases of bed-wetting or enuresis are due to stress.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) states that there is insufficient scientific evidence to justify circumcision in young boys. Ultimately parents should make a decision on whether circumcision is in the best interest of their son. The decision should be totally personal and they should weigh medical information in the context of their religious, ethical and cultural beliefs.

Croup is a viral infection that typically affects children and causes inflammation of the larynx and trachea. The cough associated with croup sounds like a barking dog or seal. Croup usually lasts for about a week.

As gripe water is a supplement and not a medication, it doesn't come under the regulation of the United States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA), which means that there is no guarantee for the ingredients mentioned on the label.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends waiting until your child is at least 6 months old to introduce solid foods into their diet. Some doctors and organizations still recommend starting your child on solids between 4-6 months of age.

Parents often feel pressure to add more children to a family. There are pros and cons to having one child.

Cradle cap is a common skin condition on newborn babies' scalps. Do not scratch and pick off cradle cap because an infection could develop and you could have a more severe issue on your hands.

Lowe syndrome can be fatal due to complications related to infections and kidney failure. Check out the center below for more medical references on genetic disorders, including multimedia (slideshows, images, and quizzes), related disease conditions, treatment and diagnosis, medications, and prevention or wellness.

<a href="https://www.medicinenet.com/roseola/article.htm" rel="dt" onclick="wmdTrack('embd-lnk');">Roseola</a> is a common viral infection among children 6-24 months of age. Symptoms and signs include a high <a href="https://www.medicinenet.com/aches_pain_fever/article.htm" rel="dt" onclick="wmdTrack('embd-lnk');">fever</a> and a <a href="https://www.medicinenet.com/rash/article.htm" rel="dt" onclick="wmdTrack('embd-lnk');">rash</a> all over the body. Roseola is transmitted via saliva or respiratory secretions.

Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WSS) is a rare genetic syndrome that is hereditary and follows an autosomal dominant pattern. Learn the signs and symptoms, life expectancy, diagnosis, and treatment of WSS.

Kawasaki disease is a rare children's disease characterized by a fever that lasts more than five days and at least four of the following five symptoms are present: rash, swollen neck lymph gland, red tongue, swelling or redness of the hands or feet, and conjunctivitis. High doses of aspirin are used to treat Kawasaki disease. Cortisone and anti-inflammatory drugs may also be used during treatment.

Angiomyolipomas are noncancerous tumors that are typically found in the kidney, but may occur in the liver, ovary, colon, or Fallopian tube. Symptoms and signs include shock, chronic kidney disease, anemia, vomiting, nausea, and back or flank pain. Treatment may involve taking medication and embolization of the tumor.

A patient diagnosed with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) may expect to have approximately the same lifetime as the general population with proper management and a healthy lifestyle. The life expectancy is normal as long as breathing problems during infancy are managed well.

MPS I (also referred to as mucopolysaccharidosis type I or Hurler syndrome) is a genetic, inherited condition that involves chromosome number 4. Symptoms of MPS I include thick lips, eye problems, chronic nasal discharge, enlarged spleen or other abdominal organs, joint stiffness, coarsening of facial features. There is no cure for MPS I, but signs and symptoms may be managed with enzyme replacement therapy and surgery to improve symptoms.

Yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of a type of fungus called <i>Candida</i>. Oral thrush is a yeast infection of the mouth and throat. Oral thrush and yeast infections are treated orally or topically with an antifungal antibiotic called nystatin.

Osgood-Schlatter disease, a painful inflammation just below the knee but above the shin, typically affects adolescent boys. Symptoms include localized pain, inflammation, swelling, and calcification. Osgood-Schlatter disease typically goes away over time, however, symptoms can be helped with anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medications, ice, and rest.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) or brittle bone disease, is an inherited (genetic) disorder that results in abnormal bone formation, which causes the bones to break (fracture) easily. There are eight types of osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteogenesis imperfecta symptoms include skeletal deformity, frequent broken bones, and hearing problems. Tests diagnose osteogenesis imperfecta. Treatment for brittle bone disease is to manage symptoms. There is no cure for osteogenesis imperfecta.